How do you interpret what others say and do?

by Russell Pollitt SJ

St. Ignatius Loyola offers us some good advice on interpreting what others say and do. In Preposition 22 of The Spiritual Exercises, as a directive to the one giving them and the one doing them, he writes: 

To assure better cooperation between the one who is giving the Exercises and the exercitant, and more beneficial results for both, it is necessary to suppose that every good Christian is more ready to put a good interpretation on another’s statement than to condemn it as false. If an orthodox construction cannot be put on a proposition, the one who made it should be asked how he understands it.  If he is in error, he should be corrected with all kindness.  If this does not suffice, all appropriate means should be used to bring him to a correct interpretation and so to defend the proposition from error.

Ignatius emphasises the importance of interpreting the words and actions of others in the most positive light possible. This precept, often called the “Presupposition,” suggests that before judging others, one should strive to understand their perspective and assume goodwill. Ignatius advocated for an attitude of charity and understanding, encouraging individuals to avoid rash judgments and misunderstandings arising from a lack of communication or misinterpretation. The goal is to foster a spirit of trust, openness, and dialogue.

While the Presupposition is a foundational concept in The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius, it can also be a valuable resource in our context. It reminds us of the need to communicate openly with others, which is a very challenging disposition to live out in our country and the world at the moment. 

It is challenging because, in the broader context, Preposition 22 is a radical call for empathy and compassion. By actively choosing to believe in the inherent goodness and positive intentions of others, we foster an environment where spiritual growth and mutual respect can flourish. This can be a powerful way to promote more harmonious and constructive relationships within our families, workplaces, and communities.

The Presupposition also encourages us to promote fundamental Christian values rooted in humility and understanding. It challenges us to go beyond our immediate reactions and judgments, advocating for a thoughtful approach prioritising dialogue and reconciliation. It echoes Jesus’ commandment to love and understand, inviting us to emulate Christ’s example in our interactions with others.

Ignatius Loyola offers a profound perspective that encourages us to see others and the world in a new light. He invites us to reflect deeply on our lives and to observe, in particular, where we may not be living charitably, kindly, and lovingly. Put in Easter language, he invites us to look through the eyes of resurrection rather than those of persecution, judgment and death. 

As the mystery of Easter unfolds, you might want to reflect on the wisdom St. Ignatius offers us and ask yourself to whom (or which group) you need to apply Preposition 22. In what ways would your life and relationships reveal the resurrection if you were to give others the benefit of the doubt?